Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of the Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes Third Edition

VOLUME 2

EDITOR K. R. RAO

Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of the Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes Third Edition VOLUME 2 EDITOR K. R. RAO © 2009 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA (www.asme.org) ISBN: 978-0-7918-0270-0 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. 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The Library of Congress has cataloged the previous edition as follows: Companion guide to the ASME boiler & pressure vessel code/editor, K. R. Rao. — 2nd ed p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 0-7918-0218-3 (v. 1) — ISBN 0-7918-0219-1 (v. 2) — ISBN 0-7918-0220-5 (v. 3) 1. Steam-boilers—Standards. 2. Pressure vessels—Standards. I. Rao, K. R., 1933– TJ289.R36 2006 621.1 83021873–dc22 2005032521 Cover photos: Volumes 1 & 2: Cover designer: Paul Moran Paul Nehrenz, photographer; Courtesy of Entergy Corporation: Volume 1: Ninemile Point; Volume 2: Waterford Nuclear Plant Volume 3: Cover designer: Rorshach Design. Background image: Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station, Courtesy of Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan. Foreground image: UK Slugcatcher Vessel Complex, Courtesy of Whessoe Oil and Gas Ltd, Darlington, UK, Top left: Pt. Lepreau plant Provided by NB Power Nuclear, Canada. Bottom left: Column Pressure Vessel (10 bar), Courtesy of Richard Ducros Corporation, France. CONTENTS Dedication to the First Edition Robert E. Nickell and William E. Cooper iii Acknowledgements (to the First Edition) v Acknowledgements (to the Second Edition) v Acknowledgements (to the Third Edition) vi Contributor Biographies vii Preface (to the First Edition) K. R. Rao and Robert E. Nickell xlix Preface (to the Second Edition) K. R. Rao Preface (to the Third Edition) K. R. Rao li Introduction liii Organization and Operation of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee lxxvii PART 6: SECTION V OF B&PV CODE CHAPTER 20 Nondestructive Examination (NDE) Jon E. Batey 1 CHAPTER 21 Section VIII–Division 1: Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Urey R. Miller and Thomas P. Pastor 27 CHAPTER 22 Section VIII: Division 2—Alternative Rules David A. Osage, Clay D. Rodery, Guido G. Karcher, Thomas P. Pastor, Robert G. Brown, and Philip A. Henry 139 CHAPTER 23 Section VIII, Division 3—Alternative Rules for Construction of High-Pressure Vessels J. Robert Sims, Jr 197 APPENDIX TO PART 7 Safety of Personnel Using Quick-Actuating Closures on Pressure Vessels and Associated Litigation Issues Roger F. Reedy A1 PART 8: SECTION IX OF B&PV CODE —WELDING AND BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS CHAPTER 24 Welding and Brazing Qualifications Joel G. Feldstein 217 CHAPTER 28 Section XI: Rules for Inservice Inspection and Tests of Nuclear Power Plant Components Richard W. Swayne 419 CHAPTER 29 Section XI Flaw Acceptance Criteria and Evaluation Using Code Procedures Russell C. Cipolla 441 CHAPTER 30 IWE and IWL Robert F. Sammataro and Jim E. Staffiera 501 CHAPTER 31 Fatigue Crack Growth, Fatigue, and Stress Corrosion Crack Growth: Section XI Evaluation Warren H. Bamford 535 PART 11: SPECIAL TOPICS RELATED TO B & PV CODE CHAPTER 32 The Maintenance Rule C. Wesley Rowley and John D. Stevenson 569 CHAPTER 33 History of the Code Rules for Accreditation, Certification, and Related Issues Marcus N. Bressler 583 CHAPTER 34 Perspective on Cyclic, Impact, and Inpulse Loads John D. Stevenson and Michael A. Porter 611 CHAPTER 35 Functionality and Operability Criteria Stephen R. Gosselin and Guy H. DeBoo 629 CHAPTER 36 FLUIDS Frederick J. Moody 645 CHAPTER 37 Pipe Vibration Testing and Analysis David E. Olson 673 CHAPTER 38 Stress Intensification Factors, Stress Indices, and Flexibility Factors Everett C. Rodabaugh 707 CHAPTER 39 Code Design and Evaluation for Cyclic Loading—Sections III and VIII W. J. O'Donnell 725 CHAPTER 40 Bolted-Flange Joints and Connections William J. Koves 759 PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION This edition continues to address the purpose of the previous editions to serve as a “Primer” to help the user weave through varied aspects of the ASME Codes and B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes, in addition to a discussion of “The Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes” of interest to “end users”. This publication has been revised in providing all of the aspects of the previous editions, while updating to the current 2007 Codes, unless otherwise mentioned. This book in three volumes strives to be a comprehensive ‘Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code’. Since the first edition, a total of 140 authors have contributed to this publication, and in this edition there are 107 contributors of which 51 are new authors. Several of the new contributors are from countries around the world that use ASME B&PV Codes, with knowledge of ASME Codes, in addition to expertise of their own countries’ B&PV Codes. All of these authors who contributed to this third edition considerably updated, revised or added to the con- tent matter covered in the second edition to address the current and futuristic trend as well as dramatic changes in the industry. The first two volumes covering Code Sections I through XI address organizational changes of B&PV Code Committees and Special topics relating to the application of the Code. Considering significant organizational changes are taking place in ASME that reflect the industry’s demands both in USA and internationally, the salient points of these have been captured in this publication by experts who have first hand information about these. Volume 1 covers ASME Code Sections I through VII, B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes. Continuing authors have considerably updated the text, tables, and figures of the previous edition to be in line with the 2007 Code, bringing the insight knowledge of these experts in updating this Volume. Fresh look has been provided by new authors, who in replacing previous contributors of few chapters, have pro- vided an added perspectives rendered in the earlier editions. In one case, the chapter had been entirely rewritten by new experts, with a new title but addressing the same subject matter while updating the information to the 2007 ASME Code Edition. ASME Code Committees have spent time and consider- able resources to update Section VIII Division 2 that was completely rewritten in the 2007 Code Edition, and this The third volume of this edition is considerably enlarged to expand the items addressing changing priorities of Codes and Standards. Continuing authors who addressed these topics in the previous edition have discussed these with respect to the ASME 2007 Code Edition. The discussions include chapters on BWR and PWR Reactor Internals; License Renewal and Aging Management; Alloy 600 Issues; PRA and Risk-Informed Analysis; Elastic- Plastic Fracture Mechanics; and ASME Code Rules of Section XII Transport Tank Code. Chapters covering ‘U.S. Transportation Regulations for Radioactive Materials’; ‘Pipeline Integrity and Security’, and ‘Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities’ have been considerably revised. In Volume 3 experts around the world capture ‘Issues Critical for the Next Generation of Nuclear Facilities’ such as Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Generation III+ PWRs, New Generation of BWRs and VERY High Temperature Generation IV Reactors. The impact of globalization and inter-dependency of ASME B&PV Codes had been examined in the previous edition in European Community, Canada, France, Japan and United Kingdom. Contributors who authored these country chapters revisited their write-up and updated to capture the current scenario. Significant contribution in the third volume is the inclusion of additional countries with changing priorities of their Nuclear Facilities. In-depth discussions cover the international experts of these countries which own and operate nuclear reactors or have nuclear steam supply vendors and fabrica- tors that use ASME B&PV Code Sections I through XII. This information is meant to benefit international users of ASME Codes in Finland, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Czech and Slovakia, Russia, South Africa, India, Korea and Taiwan that have been added in this third edition. A unique feature of this publication is once again, as in the previous editions, the inclusion of all author biographies and an introduction that synthesizes every chapter, along with an alphabetical listing of indexed terms K. R. Rao, Ph.D., P.E. Editor