.jpg)
Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code
Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of the Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes
Third Edition VOLUME 3
EDITOR
K. R. RAO
Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel CodeCriteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of the Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping CodesThird EditionVOLUME 3EDITORK. R. RAO
© 2009 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA (www.asme.org) ISBN 978-0-7918-0271-7All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT. ASME shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in papers or . . . printed in its publications (B7.1.3). Statement from the Bylaws.For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under those circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: 978-750-8400, www.copyright.com.
The Library of Congress has cataloged the previous edition as follows:
Companion guide to the ASME boiler & pressure vessel code/editor,K. R. Rao. — 2nd edp. cm.Includes bibliographical references and indexISBN 0-7918-0218-3 (v. 1) — ISBN 0-7918-0219-1 (v. 2) — ISBN 0-7918-0220-5 (v. 3)1. Steam-boilers—Standards. 2. Pressure vessels—Standards. I. Rao, K. R., 1933–
TJ289.R36 2006621.1 83021873–dc222005032521
Cover photos:Volumes 1 & 2: Cover designer: Paul MoranPaul Nehrenz, photographer; Courtesy of Entergy Corporation:Volume 1: Ninemile Point; Volume 2: Waterford Nuclear Plant Volume 3: Cover designer: Rorshach Design.Background image: Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station, Courtesy of Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan. Foreground image: UK Slugcatcher Vessel Complex, Courtesy of Whessoe Oil and Gas Ltd, Darlington, UK, Top left: Pt. Lepreau plant Provided by NB Power Nuclear, Canada. Bottom left: Column Pressure Vessel (10 bar), Courtesy of Richard Ducros Corporation, France.
CONTENTSDedication to the First EditionRobert E. Nickell and William E. Cooper iiiAcknowledgements (to the First Edition) vAcknowledgements (to the Second Edition) vAcknowledgements (to the Third Edition) viContributor Biographies viiPreface (to the First Edition)K. R. Rao and Robert E. Nickell xlixPreface (to the Second Edition)K. R. Rao lPreface (to the Third Edition)K. R. Rao liIntroduction liiiOrganization and Operation of the ASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Committee lxxviiPART 12: CURRENT ISSUES OF B&PV CODES AND STANDARDSCHAPTER 41 BWR Reactor Internals and Other BWR IssuesHardayal S. MehtaCHAPTER 42 License Renewal and Aging ManagementKenneth C, Chang, P.T. Kuo and Kaihwa R. Hsu 29CHAPTER 43 PWR Reactor Vessel Integrity and Internals Aging ManagementTimothy J. Griesbach 43CHAPTER 44 PWR Reactor Vessel Alloy 600 IssuesJeff Gorman, Steve Hunt, Pete Riccardella, andGlenn A. White 63
CHAPTER 45 PRA and Risk-Informed AnalysisSidney A. Bernsen, Fredric A. Simonen, Kenneth R. Balkey, Raymond A.West, andRalph S. Hill III 89CHAPTER 46 Applications of Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics in Section XI, ASME Code EvaluationsHardayal S. Mehta and Sampath Ranganath 113PART 13: INTERNATIONAL CODES & STANDARDS RELATED TO ASME B&PV CODECHAPTER 47 Perspectives of the Pressure Equipment Directive with Respect to ASME BPVCAnne Chaudouet, Francis Osweiller, Peter Hanmore,and Guido G. Karcher 129CHAPTER 48 Canadian Boiler and Pressure Vessel StandardsWolf Reinhardt, Nick van den Brekel,and Douglas Rodgers 159CHAPTER 49 French Codes Dealing with Pressure EquipmentFrancis Osweiller, Alain Bonnefoy, Jean-Marie Grandemange, Gerard Perraudin, andBernard Pitrou 191CHAPTER 50 Recent Development of Codes and Standards of Boiler and Pressure Vessels in JapanKunio Hasegawa, Toshio Isomura, Yoshinori Kajimura, Yasuhide Asada and Toshiki Karasawa 257
CHAPTER 51 UK Rules for Vessels Unfired PressureDavid H. Nash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309PART 14: OTHER ONGOING ISSUES OF PUBLIC SAFETYCHAPTER 52 The Evolution of U.S. Transportation Regulations for Radioactive Materials—A RetrospectiveRonald S. Hafner 333PART 15: ISSUES CRITICAL for the NEXT GENERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIIESCHAPTER 53 Description of Rules of Section XIITransport Tank CodeMahendra D. Rana, Stanley Staniszewski andStephen V. Voorhees 357CHAPTER 54 Pipeline Integrity and SecurityAlan Murray and Rafael G. Mora 371CHAPTER 55 Decommissioning Technology DevelopmentAnibal L.Taboas 425Uranium Extraction 435CHAPTER 57 Generation III + PWRsPart A: AP1000 John T. Land Part B: EPR Marty ParecePart C: US-APWR Masahiko Kaneda 455
CHAPTER 58 New Generation of BWRsHardayal S. Mehta and Daniel C. Pappone 483CHAPTER 59 Future Code Needs for Very High Temperature Generation IV ReactorsWilliam J. O’Donnell and Donald S. Griffin 505PART 16: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUES of WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIESCHAPTER 61 Belgium Pressure Equipment RegulationLuc H. Geraets 535CHAPTER 62 Boiler and Pressure Vessels in GermanyDieter Kreckel 553CHAPTER 60 Risk-informed Licensing, Regulation, and Safety Management of NPPs in FinlandReino Virolainen and Kaisa Simola 519CHAPTER 63 Pressure Equipment Regulations, Codes, and Standards in SpainCarlos Cueto-Felgueroso 563PART 17: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUES of EASTERN EURO- PEAN COUNTRIESCHAPTER 64 Czech and Slovakian CodesMilan Brumovsky 577PART 18: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUES of AFRICAN COUNTRIESCHAPTER 67 Codes and Standards Used in the Nuclear Industry in the Republic of South AfricaMalcolm J. Europa, Paul J. Brinkhurst,John Fletcher, and Neil Broom 625Section IV – Evaluation FO Residual Lifetime of Components and Piping In WWER – Type NPPs 586 PART 19: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUESSection V — Material Testing 587 of ASIAN COUNTRIES CHAPTER 65 Comprehensive Adaptation of the ASME Code at Paks NPP, HungaryPeter Trampus and Peter Pal Babics 589CHAPTER 68 Design of Indian Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor ComponentsH.S. Kushwaha, K.K. Vaze, and K.B. Dixit 635CHAPTER 66 Some Aspects of Russian Regulation and Codes in Nuclear PowerVictor V. Kostarev and Alexander V. Sudakov 601CHAPTER 69 Korean Regulatory System and Codes of Nuclear Boiler and Pressure VesselsJong C. Jo and Howard H. Chung. 655CHAPTER 70 Development of Nuclear Boiler and Pressure Vessels in TaiwanYi-Bin Chen, Shin Chang, and Ting Chow 679
PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITIONThis edition continues to address the purpose of the previ ous editions to serve as a “Primer” to help the user weave through varied aspects of the ASME Codes and B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes, in addition to a discussion of “The Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes” of interest to “end users”. This publication has been revised in providing all of the aspects of the previous editions, while updating to the current 2007 Codes, unless otherwise mentioned. This book in three volumes strives to be a comprehensive ‘Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code’.Since the first edition, a total of 140 authors have con- tributed to this publication, and in this edition there are 107 contributors of which 51 are new authors. Several of the new contributors are from countries around the world that use ASME B&PV Codes, with knowledge of ASME Codes, in addition to expertise of their own countries’ B&PV Codes. All of these authors who contributed to this third edition considerably updated, revised or added to the con- tent matter covered in the second edition to address the current and futuristic trend as well as dramatic changes in the industry.The first two volumes covering Code Sections I through XI address organizational changes of B&PV Code Committees and Special topics relating to the application of the Code. Considering significant organizational changes are taking place in ASME that reflect the industry’s demands both in USA and internationally, the salient points of these have been captured in this publication by experts who have first hand information about these.Volume 1 covers ASME Code Sections I through VII, B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes. Continuing authors have considerably updated the text, tables, and figures of the pre- vious edition to be in line with the 2007 Code, bringing the insight knowledge of these experts in updating this Volume. Fresh look has been provided by new authors, who in replacing previous contributors of few chapters, have pro- vided an added perspectives rendered in the earlier edi- tions. In one case, the chapter had been entirely rewritten by new experts, with a new title but addressing the same subject matter while updating the information to the 2007 ASME Code Edition.ASME Code Committees have spent time and consider- able resources to update Section VIII Division 2 that was completely rewritten in the 2007 Code Edition, and this effort has been captured in Volume 2 by several experts conversant with this effort. Volume 2 has chapters address- ing Code Sections VIII through XI, refurbished with addition- al code material consistent with the current 2007 Code edi- tion. Notable updates included in this Volume relate to maintenance rule; accreditation and certification; perspec- tives on cyclic, impact and dynamic loads; functionality and operability criteria; fluids; pipe vibration testing and analysis; stress intensification factors, stress indices and flexibility factors; Code design and evaluation for cyclic loading; and bolted-flange joints, connections, code design and evalua- tion for cyclic loading for Code Sections III, VIII and a new chapter that discusses Safety of Personnel using Quick- actuating Closures on Pressure Vessels and associated liti- gation issues. While few chapters have been addressed by new authors who added fresh perspective, the efforts of continuing authors have provided their insights with addi- tional equations, figures and tables in addition to extensive textual matter.The third volume of this edition is considerably enlarged to expand the items addressing changing priorities of Codes and Standards. Continuing authors who addressed these topics in the previous edition have discussed these with respect to the ASME 2007 Code Edition. The discus- sions include chapters on BWR and PWR Reactor Internals; License Renewal and Aging Management; Alloy 600 Issues; PRA and Risk-Informed Analysis; Elastic- Plastic Fracture Mechanics; and ASME Code Rules of Section XII Transport Tank Code. Chapters covering ‘U.S. Transportation Regulations for Radioactive Materials’; ‘Pipeline Integrity and Security’, and ‘Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities’ have been considerably revised.In Volume 3 experts around the world capture ‘Issues Critical for the Next Generation of Nuclear Facilities’ such as Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Generation III+ PWRs, New Generation of BWRs and VERY High Temperature Generation IV Reactors.The impact of globalization and inter-dependency of ASME B&PV Codes had been examined in the previous edition in European Community, Canada, France, Japan and United Kingdom. Contributors who authored these country chapters revisited their write-up and updated to capture the current scenario.Significant contribution in the third volume is the inclusion of additional countries with changing priorities of their Nuclear Facilities. In-depth discussions cover the international experts of these countries which own and operate nuclear reactors or have nuclear steam supply vendors and fabrica- tors that use ASME B&PV Code Sections I through XII. This information is meant to benefit international users of ASME Codes in Finland, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Czech and Slovakia, Russia, South Africa, India, Korea and Taiwan that have been added in this third edition.A unique feature of this publication is once again, as in the previous editions, the inclusion of all author biographies and an introduction that synthesizes every chapter, along with an alphabetical listing of indexed terms
K. R. Rao, Ph.D., P.E. Editor
© 2009 by ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA (www.asme.org) ISBN 978-0-7918-0271-7All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WORK HAS BEEN OBTAINED BY THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE RELIABLE. HOWEVER, NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS OR EDITORS GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF ANY INFORMATION PUBLISHED IN THIS WORK. NEITHER ASME NOR ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS INFORMATION. THE WORK IS PUBLISHED WITH THE UNDERSTANDING THAT ASME AND ITS AUTHORS AND EDITORS ARE SUPPLYING INFORMATION BUT ARE NOT ATTEMPTING TO RENDER ENGINEERING OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF SUCH ENGINEERING OR PROFESSIONAL SERVICES ARE REQUIRED, THE ASSISTANCE OF AN APPROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL SHOULD BE SOUGHT. ASME shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced in papers or . . . printed in its publications (B7.1.3). Statement from the Bylaws.For authorization to photocopy material for internal or personal use under those circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act, contact the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: 978-750-8400, www.copyright.com.
The Library of Congress has cataloged the previous edition as follows:
Companion guide to the ASME boiler & pressure vessel code/editor,K. R. Rao. — 2nd edp. cm.Includes bibliographical references and indexISBN 0-7918-0218-3 (v. 1) — ISBN 0-7918-0219-1 (v. 2) — ISBN 0-7918-0220-5 (v. 3)1. Steam-boilers—Standards. 2. Pressure vessels—Standards. I. Rao, K. R., 1933–
TJ289.R36 2006621.1 83021873–dc222005032521
Cover photos:Volumes 1 & 2: Cover designer: Paul MoranPaul Nehrenz, photographer; Courtesy of Entergy Corporation:Volume 1: Ninemile Point; Volume 2: Waterford Nuclear Plant Volume 3: Cover designer: Rorshach Design.Background image: Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station, Courtesy of Tokyo Electric Power Company, Japan. Foreground image: UK Slugcatcher Vessel Complex, Courtesy of Whessoe Oil and Gas Ltd, Darlington, UK, Top left: Pt. Lepreau plant Provided by NB Power Nuclear, Canada. Bottom left: Column Pressure Vessel (10 bar), Courtesy of Richard Ducros Corporation, France.
CONTENTSDedication to the First EditionRobert E. Nickell and William E. Cooper iiiAcknowledgements (to the First Edition) vAcknowledgements (to the Second Edition) vAcknowledgements (to the Third Edition) viContributor Biographies viiPreface (to the First Edition)K. R. Rao and Robert E. Nickell xlixPreface (to the Second Edition)K. R. Rao lPreface (to the Third Edition)K. R. Rao liIntroduction liiiOrganization and Operation of the ASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Committee lxxviiPART 12: CURRENT ISSUES OF B&PV CODES AND STANDARDSCHAPTER 41 BWR Reactor Internals and Other BWR IssuesHardayal S. MehtaCHAPTER 42 License Renewal and Aging ManagementKenneth C, Chang, P.T. Kuo and Kaihwa R. Hsu 29CHAPTER 43 PWR Reactor Vessel Integrity and Internals Aging ManagementTimothy J. Griesbach 43CHAPTER 44 PWR Reactor Vessel Alloy 600 IssuesJeff Gorman, Steve Hunt, Pete Riccardella, andGlenn A. White 63
CHAPTER 45 PRA and Risk-Informed AnalysisSidney A. Bernsen, Fredric A. Simonen, Kenneth R. Balkey, Raymond A.West, andRalph S. Hill III 89CHAPTER 46 Applications of Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics in Section XI, ASME Code EvaluationsHardayal S. Mehta and Sampath Ranganath 113PART 13: INTERNATIONAL CODES & STANDARDS RELATED TO ASME B&PV CODECHAPTER 47 Perspectives of the Pressure Equipment Directive with Respect to ASME BPVCAnne Chaudouet, Francis Osweiller, Peter Hanmore,and Guido G. Karcher 129CHAPTER 48 Canadian Boiler and Pressure Vessel StandardsWolf Reinhardt, Nick van den Brekel,and Douglas Rodgers 159CHAPTER 49 French Codes Dealing with Pressure EquipmentFrancis Osweiller, Alain Bonnefoy, Jean-Marie Grandemange, Gerard Perraudin, andBernard Pitrou 191CHAPTER 50 Recent Development of Codes and Standards of Boiler and Pressure Vessels in JapanKunio Hasegawa, Toshio Isomura, Yoshinori Kajimura, Yasuhide Asada and Toshiki Karasawa 257
CHAPTER 51 UK Rules for Vessels Unfired PressureDavid H. Nash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309PART 14: OTHER ONGOING ISSUES OF PUBLIC SAFETYCHAPTER 52 The Evolution of U.S. Transportation Regulations for Radioactive Materials—A RetrospectiveRonald S. Hafner 333PART 15: ISSUES CRITICAL for the NEXT GENERATION OF NUCLEAR FACILITIIESCHAPTER 53 Description of Rules of Section XIITransport Tank CodeMahendra D. Rana, Stanley Staniszewski andStephen V. Voorhees 357CHAPTER 54 Pipeline Integrity and SecurityAlan Murray and Rafael G. Mora 371CHAPTER 55 Decommissioning Technology DevelopmentAnibal L.Taboas 425Uranium Extraction 435CHAPTER 57 Generation III + PWRsPart A: AP1000 John T. Land Part B: EPR Marty ParecePart C: US-APWR Masahiko Kaneda 455
CHAPTER 58 New Generation of BWRsHardayal S. Mehta and Daniel C. Pappone 483CHAPTER 59 Future Code Needs for Very High Temperature Generation IV ReactorsWilliam J. O’Donnell and Donald S. Griffin 505PART 16: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUES of WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIESCHAPTER 61 Belgium Pressure Equipment RegulationLuc H. Geraets 535CHAPTER 62 Boiler and Pressure Vessels in GermanyDieter Kreckel 553CHAPTER 60 Risk-informed Licensing, Regulation, and Safety Management of NPPs in FinlandReino Virolainen and Kaisa Simola 519CHAPTER 63 Pressure Equipment Regulations, Codes, and Standards in SpainCarlos Cueto-Felgueroso 563PART 17: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUES of EASTERN EURO- PEAN COUNTRIESCHAPTER 64 Czech and Slovakian CodesMilan Brumovsky 577PART 18: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUES of AFRICAN COUNTRIESCHAPTER 67 Codes and Standards Used in the Nuclear Industry in the Republic of South AfricaMalcolm J. Europa, Paul J. Brinkhurst,John Fletcher, and Neil Broom 625Section IV – Evaluation FO Residual Lifetime of Components and Piping In WWER – Type NPPs 586 PART 19: GLOBAL PV&P ISSUESSection V — Material Testing 587 of ASIAN COUNTRIES CHAPTER 65 Comprehensive Adaptation of the ASME Code at Paks NPP, HungaryPeter Trampus and Peter Pal Babics 589CHAPTER 68 Design of Indian Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor ComponentsH.S. Kushwaha, K.K. Vaze, and K.B. Dixit 635CHAPTER 66 Some Aspects of Russian Regulation and Codes in Nuclear PowerVictor V. Kostarev and Alexander V. Sudakov 601CHAPTER 69 Korean Regulatory System and Codes of Nuclear Boiler and Pressure VesselsJong C. Jo and Howard H. Chung. 655CHAPTER 70 Development of Nuclear Boiler and Pressure Vessels in TaiwanYi-Bin Chen, Shin Chang, and Ting Chow 679
PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITIONThis edition continues to address the purpose of the previ ous editions to serve as a “Primer” to help the user weave through varied aspects of the ASME Codes and B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes, in addition to a discussion of “The Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes” of interest to “end users”. This publication has been revised in providing all of the aspects of the previous editions, while updating to the current 2007 Codes, unless otherwise mentioned. This book in three volumes strives to be a comprehensive ‘Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code’.Since the first edition, a total of 140 authors have con- tributed to this publication, and in this edition there are 107 contributors of which 51 are new authors. Several of the new contributors are from countries around the world that use ASME B&PV Codes, with knowledge of ASME Codes, in addition to expertise of their own countries’ B&PV Codes. All of these authors who contributed to this third edition considerably updated, revised or added to the con- tent matter covered in the second edition to address the current and futuristic trend as well as dramatic changes in the industry.The first two volumes covering Code Sections I through XI address organizational changes of B&PV Code Committees and Special topics relating to the application of the Code. Considering significant organizational changes are taking place in ASME that reflect the industry’s demands both in USA and internationally, the salient points of these have been captured in this publication by experts who have first hand information about these.Volume 1 covers ASME Code Sections I through VII, B31.1 and B31.3 Piping Codes. Continuing authors have considerably updated the text, tables, and figures of the pre- vious edition to be in line with the 2007 Code, bringing the insight knowledge of these experts in updating this Volume. Fresh look has been provided by new authors, who in replacing previous contributors of few chapters, have pro- vided an added perspectives rendered in the earlier edi- tions. In one case, the chapter had been entirely rewritten by new experts, with a new title but addressing the same subject matter while updating the information to the 2007 ASME Code Edition.ASME Code Committees have spent time and consider- able resources to update Section VIII Division 2 that was completely rewritten in the 2007 Code Edition, and this effort has been captured in Volume 2 by several experts conversant with this effort. Volume 2 has chapters address- ing Code Sections VIII through XI, refurbished with addition- al code material consistent with the current 2007 Code edi- tion. Notable updates included in this Volume relate to maintenance rule; accreditation and certification; perspec- tives on cyclic, impact and dynamic loads; functionality and operability criteria; fluids; pipe vibration testing and analysis; stress intensification factors, stress indices and flexibility factors; Code design and evaluation for cyclic loading; and bolted-flange joints, connections, code design and evalua- tion for cyclic loading for Code Sections III, VIII and a new chapter that discusses Safety of Personnel using Quick- actuating Closures on Pressure Vessels and associated liti- gation issues. While few chapters have been addressed by new authors who added fresh perspective, the efforts of continuing authors have provided their insights with addi- tional equations, figures and tables in addition to extensive textual matter.The third volume of this edition is considerably enlarged to expand the items addressing changing priorities of Codes and Standards. Continuing authors who addressed these topics in the previous edition have discussed these with respect to the ASME 2007 Code Edition. The discus- sions include chapters on BWR and PWR Reactor Internals; License Renewal and Aging Management; Alloy 600 Issues; PRA and Risk-Informed Analysis; Elastic- Plastic Fracture Mechanics; and ASME Code Rules of Section XII Transport Tank Code. Chapters covering ‘U.S. Transportation Regulations for Radioactive Materials’; ‘Pipeline Integrity and Security’, and ‘Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities’ have been considerably revised.In Volume 3 experts around the world capture ‘Issues Critical for the Next Generation of Nuclear Facilities’ such as Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel, Generation III+ PWRs, New Generation of BWRs and VERY High Temperature Generation IV Reactors.The impact of globalization and inter-dependency of ASME B&PV Codes had been examined in the previous edition in European Community, Canada, France, Japan and United Kingdom. Contributors who authored these country chapters revisited their write-up and updated to capture the current scenario.Significant contribution in the third volume is the inclusion of additional countries with changing priorities of their Nuclear Facilities. In-depth discussions cover the international experts of these countries which own and operate nuclear reactors or have nuclear steam supply vendors and fabrica- tors that use ASME B&PV Code Sections I through XII. This information is meant to benefit international users of ASME Codes in Finland, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Czech and Slovakia, Russia, South Africa, India, Korea and Taiwan that have been added in this third edition.A unique feature of this publication is once again, as in the previous editions, the inclusion of all author biographies and an introduction that synthesizes every chapter, along with an alphabetical listing of indexed terms
K. R. Rao, Ph.D., P.E. Editor